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Description

Item details

Notice

Une vache découpée dans la tôle, enseigne peinte du XXe siècle

Une vache se tient de profil, découpée d'un seul tenant dans la tôle. Sa robe noire et blanche est brossée à grands aplats : taches irrégulières sur le flanc, mamelle claire, sabots et mufle crème, un œil cerné de blanc. La silhouette, simple et lisible, se passe de tout encadrement. Le temps a beaucoup travaillé la surface : la peinture s'écaille en îlots, la rouille affleure en taches orangées sur la tête, les pattes et la queue, et la tôle montre de légères ondulations. Cette usure dit un objet fait pour la rue.

La fiche la désigne comme une enseigne de boucherie. En France, la devanture des bouchers était traditionnellement peinte en rouge sang, et l'enseigne montrait volontiers une tête de bœuf sur tôle rouge. Après l'ordonnance du 9 juin 1866 qui autorise la viande de cheval, et l'ouverture la même année de la première boucherie chevaline parisienne, les chevalines adoptent la tête de cheval, en zinc, en faïence ou en tôle peinte. Celle-ci s'écarte de ces types : c'est une bête entière, en noir et blanc. Ni atelier, ni région, ni pays d'origine ne sont précisés.

Époque
XXe siècle, selon la fiche
Matière
Tôle peinte
Fonction
Enseigne de boucherie, selon la fiche
Motif
Vache de profil, silhouette découpée
Dimensions (selon la fiche)
l. 124 × h. 84 cm, selon la fiche
État
En l'état, selon la fiche
Read in English

A cow stands in profile, cut in a single piece from sheet metal. Her black and white coat is brushed in broad flat areas: irregular patches along the flank, a pale udder, cream hooves and muzzle, an eye ringed in white. The silhouette, simple and legible, needs no frame. Time has worked the surface hard: the paint flakes away in islands, rust surfaces in orange patches on the head, legs and tail, and the metal shows slight undulations. The wear speaks of an object made for the street.

The listing describes it as a butcher's sign. In France the butcher's shopfront was traditionally painted blood red, and the sign often showed an ox head on red sheet metal. After the ordinance of 9 June 1866 authorising horse meat, and the opening that same year of the first Paris horse butcher, horse butchers adopted the horse's head, in zinc, faience or painted sheet metal. This piece departs from those types: it is a whole animal, in black and white. No workshop, region or country of origin is given.

Sources and points to validate
  • La devanture des boucheries françaises était peinte en rouge sang ; une enseigne traditionnelle portait une tête de bœuf sur tôle rouge, et les boucheries chevalines une tête de cheval. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boucherie
  • La consommation de viande de cheval est autorisée en France par une ordonnance du 9 juin 1866 ; la première boucherie chevaline parisienne ouvre la même année et leurs enseignes montrent des têtes de cheval. https://cheval-patrimoine.culture.gouv.fr/fr/les-boucheries-chevalines
  • Les enseignes chevalines sont attestées en zinc, faïence et tôle peinte, de la fin du XIXe siècle aux années 1920 et au-delà. https://www.paulbert-serpette.com/catalogue/categories/collection/art-populaire/enseigne-de-boucherie-chevaline-tete-de-cheval-en-zinc-xixeme-siecle
To be validated
  • Motif, inscription, pays et région d'origine non précisés ; on ne peut pas dire s'il s'agit d'une boucherie bovine, chevaline ou autre, ni si l'enseigne est française.
  • Le contexte présenté est général : aucune source n'a été trouvée sur cette enseigne précise.
  • Datation seulement XXe siècle ; état de la peinture (repeints, rouille, ancienneté de la polychromie) non détaillé.
  • Dimensions sans unité (124 x 84), non vérifiées ; système de fixation et éventuel éclairage non renseignés.

Notice drafted with the assistance of AI based on the dealer’s listing and cited public sources. Attributions and dating are subject to validation.

Enseigne de boucherie en tôle, XXe

Condition & restorations

Condition as stated
En l'état
Reported defects
Not detailed in the listing. This does not mean there are no flaws.
Restorations
No history provided. This does not mean that there is no restoration.
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